Strings

1. Double quotes: "Hello".
2. Single quotes: 'Hello'.
3. Backticks: `Hello`.

Escaping characters in string

• The following will error, as it confuses the browser as to where the string ends:

  const bigmouth = 'I've got no right to take my place…';
  

• To fix this, we use a backslash just before the character:

  const bigmouth = 'I\'ve got no right to take my place…';
  console.log(bigmouth);
  
  // I've got no right to take my place...
  

• See Escape sequences for more details.

Concatenating strings

• To join together strings in JavaScript you can use a different type of string, called a template literal.
• A template literal looks just like a normal string, but instead of using single or double quote marks, we use backtick characters.
• This can work just like a normal string, except you can include variables in it, wrapped inside ${ } characters, and the variable's value will be inserted into the result:

  const name = "Chris";
  const greeting = `Hello, ${name}`;
  console.log(greeting); // "Hello, Chris"
  

• You can use the same technique to join together two variables:

  const one = "Hello, ";
  const two = "how are you?";
  const joined = `${one}${two}`;
  console.log(joined); // "Hello, how are you?"
  

Concatenation using "+"

•   const greeting = "Hello";
    const name = "Chris";
    console.log(greeting + ", " + name); // "Hello, Chris"
  

Concatenation strings and numbers

•   const name = "Front ";
    const number = 242;
    console.log(`${name}${number}`); // "Front 242"
  

• If you have a numeric variable that you want to convert to a string but not change otherwise, or a string variable that you want to convert to a number but not change otherwise, you can use the following two constructs:
  1. Number()
     • The Number() function converts anything passed to it into a number, if it can.

       const myString = "123";
       const myNum = Number(myString);
       

  2. toString()

     const myNum2 = 123;
     const myString2 = myNum2.toString();
     

Multiline strings

• Template literals respect the line breaks in the source code, so you can write strings that span multiple lines like this:

    const output = `I like the song.
    I gave it a score of 90%.`;
    console.log(output);
    
    /*
    I like the song.
    I gave it a score of 90%.
    */
  

• To break the line, you can also use \n instead.

    const output = "I like the song.\nI gave it a score of 90%.";
    console.log(output);
    
    /*
    I like the song.
    I gave it a score of 90%.
    */
  

JavaScript String Methods